These individuals often report dizziness, loss of bladder or bowel control, A specific phobia is a marked and persistent fear of an object or situation. These methods include Participant modeling, in which the therapist models how the person should respond to fears, has been proven effective for children and adolescents.Medications can help regulate apprehension and fear of a particular fearful object or situation.
In the treatment of phobias, behavioral therapists seek to modify and eliminate the avoidance response that patients manifest when confronted with a phobic object or situation.
Lesions in this area, therefore, have been shown to disrupt the acquisition of learned responses to fear.There are various methods used to treat phobias. To meet the criteria for a phobia there must also be symptoms of impairment and avoidance.
Among the more common examples are acrophobia, fear of high places; claustrophobia, fear of closed places; nyctophobia, fear of the dark; ochlophobia, fear of crowds;
Unlike Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD), specific phobias come in a variety of forms.
Such confrontation is in fact crucial; although a person’s avoidance of the anxiety-producing situation does indeed reduce anxiety, the conditioned association of the…
While lesions in the amygdala can inhibit its ability to recognize fearful stimuli, other areas such as the ventromedial prefrontal cortex and the basolateral nuclei of the amygdala can affect the region's ability to not only become conditioned to fearful stimuli but to eventually extinguish them. Be on the lookout for your Britannica newsletter to get trusted stories delivered right to your inbox.Articles from Britannica Encyclopedias for elementary and high school students.
Phobia, an extreme, irrational fear of a specific object or situation.A phobia is classified as a type of anxiety disorder, since anxiety is the chief symptom experienced by the sufferer.Phobias are thought to be learned emotional responses. By signing up for this email, you are agreeing to news, offers, and information from Encyclopaedia Britannica.Be on the lookout for your Britannica newsletter to get trusted stories delivered right to your inbox.
Phobias typically result in a rapid onset of fear and are present for more than six months. Impairment is defined as being unable to complete routine tasks whether occupational, academic or social.
Treatment for phobias can involve therapeutic techniques, medications, or a combination of both. Specific phobias may also include fear of losing control, panicking, and fainting from an encounter with the phobia.The DSM breaks specific phobias into five subtypes: animal, natural environment, blood-injection-injury, situation and others.Rachman proposed three pathways to acquiring fear conditioning: classical conditioning, vicarious acquisition and informational/instructional acquisition.Much of the progress in understanding the acquisition of fear responses in phobias can be attributed to Vicarious fear acquisition is learning to fear something, not by a subject's own experience of fear, but by watching others reacting fearfully (Informational/instructional fear acquisition is learning to fear something by getting information.
These irrational fears can interfere with personal relationships, work, and school, and prevent you from enjoying life.
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This can make it expensive, but there are low-cost options for patients on a budget or patients who do not have the necessary means to pay for a psychologist.
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The basolateral nuclei, through receiving stimulus info, undergo synaptic changes that allow the amygdala to develop a conditioned response to fearful stimuli. There is no question that the treatment of choice for phobias is a treatment called cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT).
Some individuals can simply avoid the subject of their fear and suffer relatively mild anxiety over that fear.
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